The right size for a YouTube thumbnail
Upload at 1280×720 pixels (16:9), with a width of at least 640. A smaller image works but looks soft on big screens.
Design for the smallest place it appears
In the sidebar and on phones, a thumbnail is only a couple of hundred pixels wide. Three words or fewer, one face, strong contrast. If you have to squint at the small preview, so will everyone else.
Keep text away from the bottom-right corner: that’s where YouTube puts the video length.